Human Body Project Proposal
By: Jenna Beales, Emily Singhal, Ciara Samuel, Alyssa Maniscalco
Model must include at least 2 functions of the organ system (not necessarily the appearance), and can have multiple components (i.e the organ as a whole, and then a portion of the organ that performs a certain function).
It must include:
Skin - Will show the layers of the skin and a hair follicle.
Skin - the hair can stand up on end to demonstrate how your hair reacts to cold or emotion.
Nail model: nail polish (clear and some other color), styrofoam
In animals with a thick hair coat, this response serves any number of purposes. It often occurs as a response to cold and so helps warm the body. Elevated hair expands the layer of air that naturally insulates the body. The response to cold, then, helps an animal’s body more effectively retain heat. In other situations, say, a cat being attacked by a bigger feline, the raised hair, together with an arched back, makes the cat appear bigger and scarier to a predator. Threatened equals threatening, courtesy of a little biophysiology.
However, we humans lack a hair coat, so this physiological response is useless, most people would say. Still, it could be argued that this unusual physical response raises our awareness of possible danger — helps us feel the fear, so to speak.
Underneath the mechanical muscle contraction, after all, is the release of a stress hormone. Adrenaline, also called epinephrine, is produced in two bean-like glands that sit atop the kidneys and released into the bloodstream. Not only does this hormone cause the contractions of skin muscles, it also causes the cascade of physiological responses we fondly refer to as flight-or-fight. The suddenly racing heart, the feeling of "butterflies" in the stomach, trembling hands, sweaty palms — all of these signs tell us that adrenaline is coursing through our veins. In practical terms, the sudden flood of this hormone increases our muscle strength. (No one is joking about the fight part of the equation.)
What is strangest about this hormone, though, is it also may be released during our happiest moments. Sometimes we tremble with joy as we do with fear. "There is a thin line between pleasurable and unpleasurable stress," Bubenik said. Since the brain clearly does not distinguish between danger and delight, we must assume that is a job for the soul.
Goose bumps are the result of a reflex that makes the muscles attached to the base of each hair follicle contract. Next to the hair follicle is a sebaceous gland, which are microscopic exocrine glands in the skin that secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals.
http://www.medicaldaily.com/got-goosebumps-why-stress-responses-can-cause-your-hair-stand-end-328544
Model must include at least 2 functions of the organ system (not necessarily the appearance), and can have multiple components (i.e the organ as a whole, and then a portion of the organ that performs a certain function).
It must include:
- Description of your model
Skin - Will show the layers of the skin and a hair follicle.
- Drawing of the model
- Functions your model will perform
Skin - the hair can stand up on end to demonstrate how your hair reacts to cold or emotion.
- Materials needed (be practical, consider safety)
Nail model: nail polish (clear and some other color), styrofoam
- Construction plan - how will you build it
- Biology/Physics/Chemistry principles used in the model/functions
In animals with a thick hair coat, this response serves any number of purposes. It often occurs as a response to cold and so helps warm the body. Elevated hair expands the layer of air that naturally insulates the body. The response to cold, then, helps an animal’s body more effectively retain heat. In other situations, say, a cat being attacked by a bigger feline, the raised hair, together with an arched back, makes the cat appear bigger and scarier to a predator. Threatened equals threatening, courtesy of a little biophysiology.
However, we humans lack a hair coat, so this physiological response is useless, most people would say. Still, it could be argued that this unusual physical response raises our awareness of possible danger — helps us feel the fear, so to speak.
Underneath the mechanical muscle contraction, after all, is the release of a stress hormone. Adrenaline, also called epinephrine, is produced in two bean-like glands that sit atop the kidneys and released into the bloodstream. Not only does this hormone cause the contractions of skin muscles, it also causes the cascade of physiological responses we fondly refer to as flight-or-fight. The suddenly racing heart, the feeling of "butterflies" in the stomach, trembling hands, sweaty palms — all of these signs tell us that adrenaline is coursing through our veins. In practical terms, the sudden flood of this hormone increases our muscle strength. (No one is joking about the fight part of the equation.)
What is strangest about this hormone, though, is it also may be released during our happiest moments. Sometimes we tremble with joy as we do with fear. "There is a thin line between pleasurable and unpleasurable stress," Bubenik said. Since the brain clearly does not distinguish between danger and delight, we must assume that is a job for the soul.
Goose bumps are the result of a reflex that makes the muscles attached to the base of each hair follicle contract. Next to the hair follicle is a sebaceous gland, which are microscopic exocrine glands in the skin that secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals.
- Unresolved issues or questions
- Special requirements/requests
http://www.medicaldaily.com/got-goosebumps-why-stress-responses-can-cause-your-hair-stand-end-328544